The UN Security Council on the situation in Palestine and the wider Middle East, calling for a new approach by the international community to tackle the root causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and uphold international law. The implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 2334 is acutely relevant to the current devastating phase of the conflict, and to any chance of securing a fair and durable two-state solution in line with international law. But its failure so far also poses an existential question: can the Security Council enforce its own resolutions. This is surely crucial to its credibility. The Elders unequivocally condemn the 7 October terrorist attacks and the holding of hostages by Hamas, which have caused deep trauma for the Israeli people.